Thursday, November 02, 2023

a 50/50 quiz-show question

I just thought of an awesome 50/50 quiz-show question—just yes or no. Imagine some sort of quiz show involving smart, talented teens from across the country. We're down to two contestants who can't hear each other's answers, and this question appears:

Are the words mephitic and Mephistopheles etymologically related?

I don't know why, but this question just grabbed me. You may have heard the adjective mephitic used to describe the stench associated with a swamp. Dictionary.com defines the word as (1) offensive to the smell, and (2) noxious; pestilential; poisonous. Meanwhile, many people think of Mephistopheles as another name for the Devil. Dictionary.com, though, says Mephistopheles is "one of the seven chief devils and a tempter of Faust." 

Wikipedia says this:

Mephistopheles (/ˌmɛfɪˈstɒfɪˌlz/German pronunciation: [mefɪˈstoːfɛlɛs]), also known as Mephisto, is a demon featured in German folklore. He originally appeared in literature as the demon in the Faust legend and has since become a stock character appearing in other works of arts and popular culture.

So—not Satan.

One could easily assume that, with a demon being a foul creature, Mephistopheles and mephitic would be related. But Etymonline.com says:

mephitic: 1620s, "of poisonous smell, foul, noxious," from Late Latin mephiticus, from Latin mephitismefitis "noxious vapor, a pestilential exhalation, especially from the earth" (also personified as a goddess believed to have the power to avert it), an Italic word of uncertain origin. English use of mephitis is attested from 1706.

Mephistopheles: 1590s, Mephastophilus, the name of the evil spirit to whom Faust sold his soul in the old legend, from German (1587), a word of unknown origin. The older, Greek-like form is apparently a folk-etymology. According to the speculation of eminent Göthe scholar K.J. Schröer (1886) it is a compound of Hebrew mephitz "destroyer" + tophel "liar" (short for tophel sheqer, literally "falsehood plasterer;" see Job xiii.4). Klein writes that the names of devils in the Middle Ages "are in most cases derived from Hebrew." Related: Mephistophelian.

Mephistopheles is therefore the older word in English usage, and it's probably derived from Hebrew. Mephitic, meanwhile, comes from the 1600s and is derived from Latin.

What, you're not as excited about this quiz question as I am?

Well, fuck you! Fuck off!



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